Siemens PLC trainingin SCL, LAD, FBD and GRAPH

1. 01

   Read, decide, command

   You can explain a scan and make an output follow an input.

   Lesson: Think in scansLesson: Know what a tag represents
2. 02

   Only run when allowed

   You can combine conditions and explain which request wins.

   Lesson: Build permission into the logic
3. 03

   Remember a Start request

   You can read a rung and keep a pump running until Stop.

   Lesson: Read a rung
4. 04

   Wait, then act

   You can predict an on-delay and an off-delay scan by scan.

   Lesson: Make time explicit
5. 05

   Count an event once

   You can distinguish one bottle from many scans and reset a count deliberately.

   Lesson: Count events, not scans
6. 06

   Follow a measured signal

   You can connect typed blocks and turn raw counts into useful units.

   Lesson: Follow the signal
7. 07

   Keep control steady

   You can hold demand between two thresholds and diagnose chatter.

   Lesson: Control a band, not a point
8. 08

   Ask for evidence

   You can allow valve travel time and alarm on missing feedback.

   Lesson: Separate request from evidence
9. 09

   Choose the working pump

   You can select duty or standby equipment without commanding both.

   Lesson: One request, one eligible pump
10. 10

    Acknowledge is not reset

    You can separate a condition, a latched alarm and its horn.

    Lesson: Acknowledge the horn, retain the alarm
11. 11

    Hand control over

    You can switch Auto and Manual without an unexplained command change.

    Lesson: Who controls the command?
12. 12

    One batch, clear phases

    You can describe which commands belong to each step and when to move on.

    Lesson: Describe a process in steps
13. 13

    Choose a route

    You can enter one alternative path and make competing transitions predictable.

    Lesson: One decision, one active route
14. 14

    Give commands an end

    You can distinguish N, S and R actions and reset a chart deliberately.

    Lesson: Make every command’s lifetime clear
15. 15

    Prove a safe recovery

    You can use failure evidence and require an intentional restart after interruption.

    Lesson: Prove recovery, too
16. 16

    Write phases in text

    You can write a CASE state machine and define every command in every state.

    Lesson: Write one phase as a state machine
17. 17

    Work through a collection

    You can index a typed array and use a bounded FOR loop to sum it.

    Lesson: Four values, one bounded loop
18. 18

    Keep the latest readings

    You can explain filter warm-up and replace the oldest reading correctly.

    Lesson: Remember only the latest measurements
19. 19

    Group equipment information

    You can read and write typed members of an equipment status structure.

    Lesson: Data is not executable logic
20. 20

    Reuse tested control logic

    You can run two instances of one block and prove their memory stays independent.

    Lesson: One definition, separate instances
21. 21

    Read a real transmitter

    You can turn 4–20 mA input counts into engineering units and keep them in range.

    Lesson: From milliamps to a number you can trust
22. 22

    Don’t trust a dead signal

    You can detect a broken transmitter wire and make the plant safe.

    Lesson: When the signal dies
23. 23

    Alarm limits that don’t chatter

    You can raise high and low alarms with a deadband.

    Lesson: Give alarms a deadband
24. 24

    Run a pump on a drive

    You can send a drive its run command and speed, and wait for its feedback.

    Lesson: Ask a drive, then check
25. 25

    Trip, reset, restart on purpose

    You can handle a drive trip and reset without a surprise restart.

    Lesson: Trips, resets and restarts
26. 26

    Machine lab 1: real machines, clear rules

    You can control a real machine from its pushbuttons and one measured value.

27. 27

    Machine lab 2: memory, timing and sequences

    You can remember what a machine saw, time its moves and run it through fixed stages.

28. 28

    Machine lab 3: measurements and batches

    You can control a machine from analogue measurements, and make it learn from what it measured.

29. 29

    Machine lab 4: safety sequences and plant control

    You can write sequences that prove each step, trip to a safe state on any fault, and run plant for hours.

30. 30

    Machine lab 5: expert systems

    You can build the tracking, recipe and coordination logic that real production lines depend on.

31. 31

    Capstone: run the whole factory

    You can run a whole plant from one programme: utilities, a batch, a line, a robot and the safety around them.

• TIA Portal V20

  SCL

  Structured Control Language: written instructions such as #PumpOn := #Start AND NOT #Stop; Good for maths, states and loops.

  48 exercises, starting with “Your first command”
• TIA Portal V20

  LAD

  Ladder diagram. Rungs of contacts and coils, read like the relay logic electricians know.

  43 exercises, starting with “Your first command”
• TIA Portal V20

  FBD

  Function block diagram. Signals wired through blocks such as timers, comparisons and scaling.

  13 exercises, starting with “Give the signal meaning”
• TIA Portal V20 · S7-1500

  GRAPH

  Sequences drawn as steps and transitions, for batches and machines that run in phases.

  8 exercises, starting with “One batch, four phases”

1. Learn the idea

   26 short lessons in plain English, each with a worked example in Siemens code and a scan-by-scan trace.

2. Practise on a 3D rig

   61 missions on working pumps, tanks and a filling line. Automatic tests tell you when your code is right.

3. Check your understanding

   Short questions apply each idea to a new case. Every answer comes with an explanation.

Sites need engineers who can find faults, not only write new code. 7 missions start from an operator’s report. Run the plant, replay the failure one scan at a time and repair the logic.

• 05Stop doesn't stop itFind the path that gets round Stop.
• 13It never reaches threeSomething keeps clearing the count. Find it.
• 17The pump chattersLook at the trend before you change the 30% or 70% limits.
• 19Nuisance alarmA valve takes a moment to open. Give it time.
• 27Complete, but still pumpingFind the command that stays on after its step ends.
• 36Empty until a fifth fullThe level reads 0% while the tank fills. Find out why.
• 41It started on its ownAfter a drive reset the pump restarted. Find the memory that survived the trip.

When your SCL works, export it as an external source file (.scl) and add it to a TIA Portal project.